Short thermal treatment of carbon felts for copper-based redox flow batteries

Carbon felts are often used as electrode materials for various redox flow batteries (RFBs), and optimal performance it is required them to be subjected extended thermal treatment processes (25–30 h). However, the Cu(II)/Cu(I) couple employed in copper RFB, at positive significantly different when compared vanadium alternative. For this reason, effect duration of carbon felt on copper-based RFB has determined. Both polyacrylonitrile rayon were 6 25 h 400 °C. The treated subsequently analysed using thermogravimetric analysis, resistivity determination, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, was also determined electrochemical testing a cell.